This is a special map, which was drawn by Berghaus, a famous German designer in 19th century who was once engaged in works of surveying for Prussia army, and took a long-term position as a professor of applied mathematics in Bauakademie, growing into Technical University of Berlin later. The whole map consists of several parts. The main body is based on Macau as meridian, stretching to each side along longitude, which depicts in great details geographic image of coastal lines along Pearl River Estuary and surrounding islands. Coastal islets and sailing routes are stressed that it is densely filled with digits marking the depths of watercourses, that mountains and their heights are scaled, with a body of written messages. West bank of Pearl River Estuary is marked “INSEL MACAO”, referring to Xiangshan Mountain and Macau Peninsula. On the northwest side of it the sea is noted as “BREITE WEG”, namely, the old Macau waterway to and fro Guangzhou, which is gradually taken place by a new one “MACAO REEGE” on the southeast sea. The surrounding also lists Typa, Apomi or Ko-ho, namely Coloane, Hengqin Islands and Wan Tsai. In order to make it clear of inner shape and distribution of Macau Peninsula, on the top left a city plan is specially given to introduce main structures and places inside, coastal banks and water depths as well. The northwest Qingzhou, the south Typa and Wan Tsai in the west are partially drawn. Special attention should be given to several important places surrounding the plan clockwise, TIGER ISSEL, BOCCA TIGRIS, LANTAO, CAMOENS GROTTO and MACAO (Praia Grande). On bottom right of the map, large sums of side views of islands are painted to strengthen navigation guides and judgments.  

This is a copy of “G7822.P4 1834 .B4”, No. 16 piece kept in Berghaus’ Atlas von Asia, which is now preserved in the Library of Congress, U.S.A. 

Reference:

^[1]. Viktor Hantzsch. (1902). Berghaus, Heinrich. Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (pp. 374-379). Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot.

^[2]. Kärstin Weirauch. (2002). Berghaus, Heinrich Karl Wilhelm. In F. Beck, E. Henning, K. Adamy, P. Bahl, D. Kotsch, & Brandenburgische Historische Kommission. Brandenburgisches biographisches Lexikon: BBL. Potsdam: Verlag für Berlin-Brandenburg.

^[3]. Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). Berghaus, Heinrich. Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.