Michael Boym was a Polish Jesuit. He arrived in Macao in 1644, where he began to learn Chinese language and then he taught in Jesuit college. In 1650 he was sent by the empress dowager and the empress of Yongli court to Rome to seek the support from the Pope and the kings of Western Europe to resist the army of Qing. He arrived in Venice in 1652 and went back to the east in 1656. During his voyage he drew the Chinese-Latin atlas of China, which included one general map, maps of the provinces and the separate map of Liaodong and Hainan, 18 maps in total. There is a Latin title 'Sinarum Universalis Mappa' on the general map, and two Chinese titles “中國圖”, “中國總輿地圖”, both with the Latin transliteration. The map of Hainan draws out the scale from the east of the Pearl River estuary on the northeast and the whole Hainan Island on the southwest. There are two sea crabs to the south of the estuary. There is a paragraph of Latin to explain the reason of drawing the crabs that this kind of crab with a Cross was discovered in China Sea, and was related with the event of the members of Southern Ming royalty receiving baptism. There is also a crab on the corresponding position on the general map of China. The Pearl River estuary on the map of Hainan and Guangdong is drawn as a retuse bay, the shape of which may derive from the shape on Chinese maps. There are many islands in and out of the bay. Among the two biggest islands in the bay on the Map of Hainan, the west one is the Xiangshan Island, and on the small peninsula on the south it notes “澳门” and 'Macao'. On the east island writes “東廣” and “東海”, with the Latin transliteration. On the map of Guangdong, there is notes of “香山” and “澳门”, beside the latter there is 'Macao' and the transliteration 'Aú Muên'. On the east island there is notes “東莞” and “南海”, and the note of “東廣” seems to be altered. On the map of China, the shape of Xiangshan is as the same as the map of Hainan and Guangdong with no notes on it, and the east island is noted with “東廣”.

Reference:

^[1]. 汪前進. (2016). 卜彌格《中國地圖集》研究. 國際漢學(4), 37-58.

^[2]. 王永傑. (2015). 關於卜彌格《中國地圖冊》的幾個問題. 駛向東方：全球地圖中的澳門，第一卷. 北京：社會科學文獻出版社,

pp.313-330.

^[3]. 张西平.(2012). 《中西文化交流的使者，波兰汉学的奠基人：卜弥格》. 载卜弥格著. 张振辉, 张西平译. 卜弥格文集-中西文化交流和中医西传, 1-60. 上海：华东师范大学出版社.